The government of Niger announced on Thursday its decision to nationalize the Somair uranium mine, previously operated by the French nuclear energy firm Orano.
In a statement released via local media, the government declared:
“Faced with this irresponsible, illegal, and unfair behavior by Orano—a company owned by the French state, a state openly hostile toward Niger since July 26, 2023—the government of Niger has decided, in full sovereignty, to nationalize Somair.”
Located in the northern Arlit region, the Somair mine was a joint venture in which Orano held a 63.4% stake, while Niger’s state-owned mining company, Sopamin, owned the remaining 36.6%. The mine is one of the most significant in the world, accounting for approximately 5% of global uranium output.
Relations between Niger and France have sharply deteriorated since the July 26, 2023 coup that brought a military-led government to power under General Abdourahamane Tchiani. The new government expelled French, American, and other Western military forces from the country and began asserting greater control over Niger’s natural resources.
In June 2023, the government revoked Orano’s license to operate the Imouraren mine, following disagreements over revised mining laws that sought to increase state revenue and oversight. In December, Niger took operational control of Somair, accusing Orano of failing to meet its financial obligations. In May, security forces raided Orano’s offices and arrested the company’s local director.
The standoff holds significant economic implications for both countries. Uranium accounts for around 5% of Niger’s GDP, while France—and by extension the European Union—relies on Niger for approximately 20% of its uranium imports. Prior to the military government’s rise, uranium was exported to France under what Nigerien officials have called “lopsided” deals, with prices reportedly as much as 200% below market value.
Orano has sought international arbitration to resolve the dispute, and reports last month suggested the company was looking to sell its assets in Niger. However, Thursday’s nationalization appears to nullify any potential sale, marking a turning point in the country’s efforts to reclaim control over its strategic resources.