Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has warned that the United States is seeking to weaken Canada as Alberta prepares for a referendum that could initiate a legal process toward separation.
Speaking Thursday at a pro-Canada rally in Calgary, Carney urged voters to reject the proposal amid escalating trade tensions with Washington and President Donald Trump's repeated suggestions that Canada become the 51st US state.
The vote is scheduled for Monday, with advance polling continuing through Saturday.
Monday's referendum will not determine Alberta's independence but whether the province should remain in Canada or begin the legal process toward a future separation referendum.
The oil-rich province, home to approximately five million people, has long disputed federal policies concerning energy development, immigration and Ottawa's authority.
Polling suggests fewer than one-quarter of Albertans support independence, although separatist organizations have gained political momentum.
Carney acknowledged longstanding grievances, arguing that federal policies had previously left Albertans feeling disconnected from decisions affecting their resources.
Alberta Premier Danielle Smith, who called the referendum, voted Wednesday to remain in Canada while emphasizing the need for reforms.
Separatist leaders maintain that existing agreements with Ottawa have failed to address their concerns.
Carney's intervention comes amid strained Canada-US relations, including Washington's trade measures and Trump's territorial rhetoric.
His government has pursued reduced economic dependence on the United States while advancing energy infrastructure projects.
At Calgary's Forever Canadian rally, attended by approximately 5,000 people according to his office, Carney highlighted the proposed Pacific Link pipeline as evidence of a changing federal approach.
He said the project could generate more than 140,000 jobs while strengthening Canada's economic independence.
Meanwhile, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has described Alberta as a natural American partner, while representatives of the separatist Alberta Prosperity Project have met State Department officials.
Separatist representatives reject suggestions that American interests drive their movement, emphasizing trade continuity and greater provincial autonomy.
Carney is also scheduled to address supporters in Edmonton on Friday as both sides intensify campaigning before Monday's consequential vote.